| Standard | Title | Application |
| ISO 3452-1 | Non-destructive testing — Penetrant testing — Part 1: General principles | Core international standard for dye penetrant testing |
| ISO 3452-2 | Test system performance — Reference blocks | Specifies how to verify test sensitivity using standard panels |
| ISO 3452-3 | Equipment | Requirements for penetrant testing equipment |
| ISO 3452-4 | Penetrant testing at temperatures between -40 °C and +180 °C | Procedures for extreme conditions |
| ISO 3452-5 | Penetrant testing using temperature-resistant and UV-resistant products | Specialized for extreme environments |
| Standard | Title | Notes |
| ASTM E1417 / E1417M | Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing | Most commonly used PT procedure in the U.S. (comprehensive) |
| ASTM E165 | Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination | Earlier version of E1417; still referenced in some industries |
| ASME Section V, Article 6 | Liquid Penetrant Examination | Required standard for PT in pressure vessel and nuclear industries |
| Step | Description |
| 1. Pre-cleaning | Surface must be clean, dry, and free of contaminants |
| 2. Application of penetrant | Apply visible or fluorescent dye and allow dwell time (typically 5–30 minutes) |
| 3. Excess removal | Wipe off surface penetrant using approved remover |
| 4. Application of developer | White developer draws out penetrant trapped in surface cracks |
| 5. Inspection | Use visible light or UV light (for fluorescent penetrants) |
| 6. Post-cleaning | Clean part after inspection, especially if it will return to service |
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